Tuberculosis (TB)-Overview-Simple words

Tuberculosis, also known as TB, is a serious and contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is usually spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. When someone breathes in the bacteria, it can settle in the lungs and begin to multiply. The body's immune system will then try to fight off the infection, and in some cases, it can successfully do so, which is known as latent TB. However, in other cases, the bacteria can continue to grow and cause active TB, which is when someone experiences symptoms. Symptoms of TB can vary and may include coughing, chest pain, fatigue, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. If left untreated, TB can lead to serious health problems and even death. TB is treatable with a course of antibiotics that typically lasts several months. It's important to take all of the prescribed medication, even if you start feeling better, in order to fully eradicate the bacteria and prevent the development of drug-resistant strains. Preventing the spread of TB involves a combination of measures, including identifying and treating those with active TB, providing vaccination for those at high risk, and promoting good hygiene practices such as covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing. In some parts of the world, TB remains a major public health concern, particularly in areas with poor living conditions, limited access to healthcare, and a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. However, with proper treatment and prevention measures, TB can be controlled and ultimately eradicated.